• Backbone

  The backbone genes of pKJK5 are structurally similar to other IncP-1 plasmids, but have a lower GC-content than the homologous genes in the archetype IncP-1β plasmid R751.
• Accessory elements

  pKJK5 has two accessory elements between the Tra1 and Tra2 regions, both bounded by inverted repeats and direct flanking repeats.
• Host range

  In the laboratory, IncP-1 plasmids have a broad host range, but little is known about their in situ host profile.
• Genetic adaptation

  IncP-1 plasmids are important for the genetic adaptation of facultative denitrifying bacteria, such as Thauera aromatica K172T, which can degrade various aromatic compounds.

IncP-1 plasmids are widely distributed and can carry genes for adaptive traits, such as antibiotic resistance and aromatic compound degradation. Human activities, such as the use of wastewater treatment plants, may increase the spread of these plasmids.

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